Recon Report
cnn.com
Target Assessment
Target Hardness:
Hardened
4 defensive layers
|
4 attack surface gaps
2 monitoring
Email Spoofability Can you spoof email from this domain? No SPF and DMARC reject policy enforced
> analyzing sender authorization policy...
SPF — Sender Policy Framework
SPF is configured — sender authorization restricts spoofing
RFC 7208 — Sender Policy Framework
SPF allows domain owners to specify which mail servers are authorized to send email on behalf of their domain. Without SPF, any server can forge the envelope sender.
> enumerating cryptographic selectors...
DKIM — DomainKeys Identified Mail
DKIM selectors reveal mail infrastructure
— signatures found
RFC 6376 — DomainKeys Identified Mail
DKIM provides cryptographic authentication of email messages. Selector names often reveal email providers (e.g., google, selector1 = Microsoft 365).
> evaluating enforcement policy...
DMARC — Domain-based Message Authentication
DMARC p=reject — hard enforcement. Spoofing will be rejected.
RFC 7489 — DMARC
DMARC ties SPF and DKIM together with a policy that tells receiving servers what to do with unauthenticated mail. p=none is monitoring only — attackers love it.
Transport Security Can you intercept email in transit? No No MTA-STS or DANE — mail transport encryption is opportunistic only
> probing certificate pinning via DNSSEC chain...
DANE / TLSA
No DANE — TLS is opportunistic and can be downgraded
MTA-STS
MTA-STS not enforced — STARTTLS stripping possible
TLS-RPT
No TLS-RPT — TLS failures go unnoticed by the domain owner
RFC 8460 — SMTP TLS Reporting
TLS-RPT enables reporting of TLS negotiation failures. Without it, STARTTLS downgrade attacks leave no trace.
Brand & Certificate Security Can you fake this brand's identity? Unlikely DMARC reject policy blocks email spoofing (RFC 7489 §6.3) and BIMI with VMC provides verified brand identity in inboxes — email-based brand faking is effectively blocked; adding CAA records (RFC 8659) would further restrict certificate issuance for lookalike domains
BIMI
BIMI configured — brand logo verified in email clients. Harder to impersonate visually.
CAA — Certificate Authority Authorization
No CAA — any CA on earth can issue a valid certificate for this domain. An attacker can obtain a trusted cert from the cheapest, fastest CA and stand up a convincing HTTPS phishing clone or MitM proxy.
RFC 8659 — CAA
CAA records specify which Certificate Authorities are authorized to issue certificates. Without CAA, an attacker could obtain a valid cert from any CA.
DNS Infrastructure Can you poison the DNS? Possible DNSSEC is not deployed, DNS responses are not cryptographically verified
> validating cryptographic chain of trust...
DNSSEC
No DNSSEC — DNS responses can be spoofed or poisoned
RFC 4033–4035 — DNSSEC
DNSSEC adds cryptographic signatures to DNS responses, preventing cache poisoning and response forgery. Without DNSSEC, an attacker can forge DNS answers.
NS Delegation
0 nameservers detected
— single point of failure
Attack Surface Discovery What can you find from the outside?
Subdomain Discovery (Multi-Source)
0 subdomains discovered via CT logs + DNS probing + Nmap SAN extraction
| Subdomain |
|---|
map[cert_count:4 first_seen:2025-03-26T00:00:00 is_current:true issuers:[Amazon] name:aaz.stellar.cnn.com source:ct] |
map[cert_count:1 first_seen:2025-05-06T00:00:00 is_current:true issuers:[Amazon] name:academy.cnn.com source:ct] |
map[cert_count:12 first_seen:2025-02-20 is_current:true issuers:[Amazon GlobalSign nv-sa] name:account.cnn.com source:dns] |
map[cert_count:4 first_seen:2025-04-15T00:00:00 is_current:true issuers:[Amazon] name:admin.alertshub.cnn.com source:ct] |
map[cert_count:2 first_seen:2025-08-13T00:00:00 is_current:true issuers:[Amazon] name:admin.dev.alertshub.cnn.com source:ct] |
map[cert_count:1 first_seen:2025-03-12T00:00:00 is_current:true issuers:[Amazon] name:admin.ref.alertshub.cnn.com source:ct] |
map[cert_count:4 first_seen:2025-03-26T00:00:00 is_current:true issuers:[Amazon] name:ads-analytics.stellar.cnn.com source:ct] |
map[cert_count:1 first_seen:2025-08-13T00:00:00 is_current:true issuers:[Amazon] name:ads.next.cnn.com source:ct] |
map[cert_count:12 cname_target:www.cnn.com first_seen:2025-02-20 is_current:true issuers:[Amazon GlobalSign nv-sa] name:alerts.cnn.com source:dns] |
map[cert_count:4 first_seen:2025-02-02T00:00:00 is_current:true issuers:[Amazon] name:alertshub.cnn.com source:ct] |
map[cert_count:1 first_seen:2025-04-15T00:00:00 is_current:true issuers:[Amazon] name:any-amer.apne1.prd.api.bolt.cnn.com source:ct] |
map[cert_count:1 first_seen:2025-04-15T00:00:00 is_current:true issuers:[Amazon] name:any-amer.aps1.prd.api.bolt.cnn.com source:ct] |
map[cert_count:1 first_seen:2025-04-15T00:00:00 is_current:true issuers:[Amazon] name:any-amer.aps1.stg.api.bolt.cnn.com source:ct] |
map[cert_count:1 first_seen:2025-04-15T00:00:00 is_current:true issuers:[Amazon] name:any-amer.apse1.prd.api.bolt.cnn.com source:ct] |
map[cert_count:1 first_seen:2025-04-15T00:00:00 is_current:true issuers:[Amazon] name:any-amer.apse1.stg.api.bolt.cnn.com source:ct] |
map[cert_count:50 first_seen:2025-10-09T00:00:00 is_current:true issuers:[Amazon] name:any-amer.dev.api.bolt.cnn.com source:ct] |
map[cert_count:1 first_seen:2025-04-15T00:00:00 is_current:true issuers:[Amazon] name:any-amer.euc1.prd.api.bolt.cnn.com source:ct] |
map[cert_count:1 first_seen:2025-04-15T00:00:00 is_current:true issuers:[Amazon] name:any-amer.euc1.stg.api.bolt.cnn.com source:ct] |
map[cert_count:1 first_seen:2025-04-15T00:00:00 is_current:true issuers:[Amazon] name:any-amer.eun1.prd.api.bolt.cnn.com source:ct] |
map[cert_count:1 first_seen:2025-04-15T00:00:00 is_current:true issuers:[Amazon] name:any-amer.euw1.prd.api.bolt.cnn.com source:ct] |
SaaS Services (TXT Record Discovery)
9 SaaS services detected via DNS TXT verification records
Atlassian
Stripe
Cisco Umbrella
MongoDB Atlas
Adobe
Google Workspace
Canva
Microsoft 365
Facebook / Meta
Secret Exposure
No exposed secrets detected in common paths
Intelligence Metadata Can you verify this independently?
SHA-3-512 Integrity Hash
32f8a01a6fe9b5f91e180ae44caa96ecd86cf0a1c51f779ef5e8d2cdb16c63a99fa45a85bf26a4d7ab6fd09c627171fcbce562caa9b0bf721c2702c5bf5353f3
RFC References
12
Tool Version
v26.23.50
Posture Hash
8b9ef73d43b74f45…